What does "operate" refer to in terms of aircraft?

In the context of aircraft operations, "operate" specifically refers to the act of causing or permitting the aircraft to fly. This encompasses a wide range of activities performed by the pilot or the operator, which include planning the flight, conducting pre-flight inspections, executing the flight, and ensuring all regulatory requirements are met during the flight process.

The term emphasizes the active role of the individual or organization that has control over the aircraft during its flight. Understanding this definition is crucial, especially in regulatory and safety contexts where responsibilities during flight operation are clearly outlined.

When considering the other options, while repairing the aircraft, maintaining records, and allowing passengers to board are all necessary aspects of aviation management, they do not align with the actual definition of operating an aircraft, which is strictly related to the act of flying it.